Jon Green
La Trobe Postdoctoral Fellow
Department of Zoology
La Trobe University
Melbourne, Vic. 3086
AUSTRALIA.
Ph : +61 3 9479-1983 Fax: +61 3 9479-1551
1992 - 1995 BA Natural Sciences
(Zoology), University of Cambridge, UK
1997 - 2001 PhD, University of Birmingham,
UK
2001 - 2005 Research Fellow, University
of Birmingham, UK
2005 -
Research Fellow, La Trobe University, Australia
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| Research Topic:
Behaviour, Energetics and Physiology of
Seabirds
My research
interests focus on how animals, specifically seabirds, adapt to
their natural environment, both physiologically and behaviourally.
The questions addressed thus far during my research have ranged from
how macaroni penguins are able to dive for as deep and as long as we
observe (Green et al. 2005b), to why albatross chicks of
closely related species have different growth rates (Phillips et
al. 2003). Such topics are of particular importance to seabirds
as they adapt to new threats in their natural environment from
sources such as over-fishing and climate change.
Much of my work
has utilized heart rate logging techniques. Heart rate can be
recorded in free-ranging animals for periods of up to 15 months
using miniature recording devices. Heart rate is a reliable
indicator of energy expenditure and this relationship can be
accurately quantified in laboratory experiments. As a result,
temporally precise estimates can be made of the energetic cost of
the full range of activities undertaken by free-ranging animals
(Butler et al. 2004a, Green et al. 2002). As well as
establishing such calibration relationships for the species I have
studied (Green et al. 2001, Green et al. 2005a), I
have attempted to further our understanding of the capacities and
capabilities of this technique (Green et al. 2005e).
Work on the
macaroni penguin data set is ongoing and I am also involved with a
study of migration and annual cycles in barnacle geese, in
association with
Steve Portugal and
Pat Butler at the University of Birmingham.
I am leading
two new research projects at AERP, both on native Australian
species.
1. Little
penguins (Eudyptula minor). Lyndal Horne
(PhD student), Will Ritchie (Honours student) and I are studying
the energetics and physiology of the little penguin
in collaboration with the
Phillip
Island Nature Park Research Centre. In the field we are using heart rate data loggers to examine how the
penguins respond to changes in their food availability both at the
scale of their annual breeding season, and in response to longer
term changes in their food source. The breeding and migration
strategies of this species vary substantially to those of the
macaroni penguin and the two species will be compared. In the
laboratory we are looking at what behavioural and physiological
strategies the penguins use to adapt to contrasting environmental
conditions while at sea and on the land.
2.
Australasian Gannet (Morus
serrator). Erin Aitken-Simpson (Honours student) and I are
investigating the physiology and behaviour behind the recent arrival
in Port Phillip Bay of Australasian gannets. This project is a collaboration
with
Ashley Bunce and Tanya Pyk from
Central Queensland and Deakin Universities.
These birds arrived less than 40 years ago and have established
colonies on man-made structures such as Pope’s Eye and Wedge Light.
These colonies have now reached their capacity of breeding pairs.
Increasing first breeding age and unusual patterns of chick
attendance imply that these animals are not limited by food
supplies. We are interested in how these animals withstand the high
temperatures found here at the northernmost extent of their range.
By studying responses to temperature in the lab and energetics and
diving behaviour in free-ranging animals we hope to further
understand their new role in this ecosystem.
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Publications: |
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Green, J.A.,
Frappell, P.B., Clark, T.D. & Butler, P.J. (2007e) Predicting rate of
oxygen consumption from heart rate while little penguins work rest
and play. Comparative Biochemistry and
Physiology Part A. In Press
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Green, J.A.,
Boyd, I.L., Woakes, A.J., Green C.J. & Butler, P.J. (2007d) Feeding, fasting
and foraging efficiency during chick-rearing in macaroni penguins.
Marine Ecology Progress Series. 346, 299-312
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Green, J.A.
& Frappell, P.B.
(2007c)
Improving the precision and accuracy of estimates
made using the heart rate method. Physiological and Biochemical
Zoology
80, 551-555
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Green, J.A.,
Halsey, L.G., Butler, P.J. & Holder, R.L.
(2007b)
Estimating the rate of
oxygen consumption during submersion from the heart rate of diving
animals.
American Journal of Physiology
292,
R2028 – R2038
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Portugal, S., Green, J.A. & Butler, P.J. (2007a) Annual changes in
body mass and resting metabolism in captive barnacle geese (Branta
leucopsis): The importance of wing moult. Journal of
Experimental Biology.
210, 1391-1397
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Green, J.A.,
Frappell, P.B., Clark, T.D. & Butler, P.J. (2006) Physiological
response to feeding in little penguins. Physiological and
Biochemical Zoology 79, 1088-1097
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Green, J.A.,
White, C.R. & Butler, P.J. (2005e) Allometric estimation of metabolic
rate from heart rate in penguins. Comparative Biochemistry and
Physiology Part A. 142, 478 – 484
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Green, J.A.,
Halsey, L.G. & Butler, P.J. (2005d) To what extent is the foraging
behaviour of aquatic birds constrained by their physiology?
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 78, 766-781
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Green, J.A.,
Boyd, I.L., Woakes, A.J., Warren N.L. & Butler, P.J. (2005c)
Behavioural flexibility during year-round foraging in macaroni
penguins. Marine Ecology Progress Series 296, 183-196
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Green, J.A.,
Boyd, I.L., Woakes, A.J., Green C.J. & Butler, P.J. (2005b) Do
seasonal changes in metabolic rate facilitate changes in diving
behaviour? Journal of Experimental Biology 208,
2581-2593
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Green, J.A.,
Woakes, A.J., Boyd, I.L. & Butler, P.J. (2005a) Cardiovascular
adjustments during locomotion in penguins. Canadian Journal of
Zoology 83, 445 – 454
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Green, J.A.,
Tanton, J.L., Woakes, A.J., Boyd, I.L. & Butler, P.J. (2004) Effects
of long-term implanted data loggers on macaroni penguins. Journal
of Avian Biology 35, 370 – 376
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Green, J.A.,
Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J. & Boyd, I.L. (2004) Energetics of the
moult fast in female macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus).
Journal of Avian Biology 35, 153 – 161
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Butler,
P.J., Green, J.A., Boyd, I.L. & Speakman, J.R. (2004)
Measuring metabolic rate in the field: the pros and cons of the
doubly-labelled water and heart rate methods. Functional Ecology
18, 168-183
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Green, J.A.,
Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J. & Boyd, I.L. (2003) Energetics of diving
in macaroni penguins. Journal of Experimental Biology 206,
43 – 57
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Phillips, R.A., Green, J.A., Phalan, B., Croxall, J.P. &
Butler, P.J. (2003) Chick metabolic rate and growth in three species
of albatross: a comparative study. Comparative Physiology and
Biochemistry Part A. 135, 185 – 193
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Green, J.A.,
Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J. & Boyd, I.L. (2002) Energy requirements
of female macaroni penguins breeding at South Georgia. Functional
Ecology 16, 671 – 681
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Green, J.A.,
Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J. & Boyd, I.L. (2001) Heart rate and rate
of oxygen consumption of exercising macaroni penguins.
Journal of Experimental Biology 204, 673 – 684
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Arnould,
J.P.Y., Green, J.A. & Rawlins, D. (2001) Fasting metabolism
in Antarctic fur seal pups. Comparative Physiology and
Biochemistry Part A. 129, 829 – 841
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Published Conference
Abstracts: |
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Horne L.,
Green J.A.,
&
Frappell, P.B. (2007) Geographical variability in little penguin
thermoregulation.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A.
148,
S102.
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Green J.A.,
Boyd, I.L., Woakes, A.J. & Butler, P.J. (2006) Flexibility in the
behaviour, physiology and ecology of diving in Macaroni Penguins.
Journal of Ornithology. 147, S64
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Green J.A.,
Boyd, I.L., Woakes, A.J. & Butler, P.J. (2006) The division of
labour between breeding male and female Macaroni Penguins.
Journal of Ornithology. 147, S175
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Portugal S.,
Butler P.J. & Green J.A. (2006) Seasonal variability in body
composition, physiology and energetics of Barnacle Geese.
Journal of Ornithology.
147,
S232
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Butler P.J., Portugal S. & Green J.A. (2006)
A year in the life of barnacle geese: the relationship between body
temperature, body composition and resting oxygen consumption.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A. 143,
S66
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Portugal S., Butler P.J. & Green J.A. (2006)
Seasonal variability in body composition, physiology and energetics
of barnacle geese.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A. 143,
S76
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Green J.A.,
Woakes, A.J., Boyd, I.L. &
Butler, P.J. (2005) Year-round energetics of macaroni penguins. The FASEB Journal
19, A1651
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Green J.A.,
Woakes, A.J., Boyd, I.L. &
Butler, P.J. (2004) Seasonal differences in the diving behaviour of
macaroni penguins: balancing physiological and ecological pressures.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A. 137,
S30
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Butler P.J., Green,
J.A. & Halsey, L.G. (2004) To what extent is the foraging
behaviour of aquatic birds constrained by their physiology? Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A.
137,
S24
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Green J.A.,
Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J. &
Boyd, I.L. (2002) Heart Rate, Rate of Oxygen Consumption and
Abdominal Temperature in Diving Macaroni Penguins. The
Physiologist. 45, 332
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Green J.A.,
Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J. &
Boyd, I.L. (2002) Validation of the use of heart rate estimate rate
of oxygen consumption in exercising macaroni penguins. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A.
132,
S34
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